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Life, Biology discovery

Biology

• Schroedinger, Delbruck - physical laws for biology
• Tauber 2012 population dynamics, vertex renormalization

Introns are possibly an example of Turing machine instructions whereby information is deleted (which introduces nonreversibility). I imagine the advantage of introns is that they allow multiple mutations (and reshufflings) to take place without having an effect. At some point, there will be an error that allows the inclusion and availing of the intron to see if it can catalyze proteins. In the rare case that it does, then this can result in a new gene. Thus introns allow evolution to occur by multiple steps without each step having to enhance viability. Introns are the equivalent of "scratch paper" on which calculations can be made.

• In this case, sex is important because it allows a preservation of the rich variety of these inactive junk-DNA libraries-nurseries for evolutionary blueprints. Thus the passage of time allows for an explosion of the hidden variety which means that when there is a change in the ecosystem, the species is ready with many possible variants, both yet to be expressed and already expressed.
• Thus viruses and bacteria are streamlined but tuned based on the past but aren't forward looking in this way. Storing and developing potential variants is a forward looking activity in time and expresses forward, global causality.
• Life as a necessary enabler of chemical reactions.

Nigel Goldenfield. Is there universality in physics?

• Nigel Goldenfield 2014 tree topology, balanced, unbalanced, phylogenetic.
• Nigel Goldenfield talks
• Antifragility
• Antifragile (book)